A sentence is the
largest unit of any language. In English, it begins with a capital
letter and ends with a full-stop, or a question mark, or
an exclamation mark.
The sentence is
generally defined as a word or a group of words that expresses a thorough idea
by giving a statement/order, or asking a question, or exclaiming.
Example:
He is a good
boy (statement).
Is he a good boy? (question).
What a nice weather! (exclaiming).
Ideally, a
sentence requires at least one subject and one verb. Sometimes the
subject of a sentence can be hidden, but the verb must be visible and present
in the sentence. Verb is called the heart of a sentence.
Example:
Do it. (In this sentence,
a subject ‘you’ is hidden but verb ‘do’ is visible)
“[A sentence
is] a group of words, usually containing a verb,
that expresses a thought in the form of
a statement, question, instruction, or
exclamation and starts with a capital letter when
written.”
Examples of Sentence
Definition of Sentence:
“A combination of words that makes a
complete sense is called a sentence.” “A group of words which makes a complete
sense is called a sentence” An English sentence is a group of words containing
at least one subject and one verb that constructs
a sensible unit of language.
Examples of Sentence:
Robert was a good king.
He had a great army.
He wanted to bring peace to his kingdom.
There were many others who wanted to become king.
They started plotting against him.
Their plots were failing because of some trusted friends of
the king.
Then they started killing those trusted friends.
Eventually, they succeeded in their plan of killing the king.
Did they make a good move?
Can they find a new king without dispute?
After the death of the king, everyone wanted to be a king.
A great chaos broke out in the kingdom.
People were anxious and unhappy.
War does not bring anything good to the common people.
It only brings sorrow and dismay.
Note: all
these examples of sentence contain at least one verb and one subject and gives
a complete sense.
In other words, a complete English sentence must have three
characteristics:
First, in written form, a sentence
begins with a capital letter and ends with a period (i.e., a full stop) [.], a
note of interrogation (i.e., a question mark) [?], or a note of exclamation
(i.e., an exclamation mark) [!].
Second, it must express a complete thought, not fragmented.
Third, it must contain at least one
subject (hidden/visible) and one verb comprising an independent clause. (An
independent clause contains an independent subject and verb and expresses a
complete thought.)
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Structurally, sentences are of four types:
Simple sentence:
A simple
sentence must have a single clause (a single verb) which is
independent, and it cannot take another clause.
Example:
I always wanted to become
a writer. (One clause – one verb)
Compound sentence:
A compound
sentence must have more than one independent clause with no dependent
clauses. Some specific conjunctions, punctuation, or both are used to
join together these clauses.
Example:
I always wanted to become a writer, and she wanted to become a doctor. (Two
independent clauses – two verbs)
Complex sentence:
A complex sentence also
has more than one clause but of one them must be an independent clause and the
other/others must be (a) dependent clause(es). There are also some particular
connectors for the clauses of a complex sentence to be connected.
Example:
I know that you
always wanted to be a writer. (Here, a dependent clause is followed by a
connector and an independent clause. The other way around is also possible.)
Compound-complex sentence:
A compound-complex
sentence (or complex–compound sentence) is a mixture of
the features of compound and complex sentences in one sentence. So, it must
contain at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.
Example:
I know that you
always wanted to become a writer, but I
always wanted to become a doctor. (Here, one dependent clause is
followed by a complex connector and two independent clauses with a compound
conjunction between them.)
DECLARATIVE SENTENCE
An assertive sentence
(declarative sentence) simply expresses an opinion/feeling, or makes a
statement, or describes things. In other words, it declares something. This
type of sentence ends with a period (i.e., a full-stop).
Examples:
I want to be a good cricketer. (a statement)
I am very happy today. (a feeling)
EXAMPLES OF ASSERTIVE OR DECLARATIVE
SENTENCE
Definition of Assertive/Declarative Sentence:
Most of the
sentences of English language are assertive sentences. The sentence which
declares or asserts a statement, feeling, opinion, incident, event, history, or
anything is called an assertive
sentence. An assertive sentence ends with a period (.). Assertive sentences
can be either affirmative or negative.
Examples:
Alex is a good baseball player.
He plays for the Rockers club.
He always gives his best effort in the team.
He is a good leader.
I like him for his intensity.
He plays with passion.
Alex feels awkward when someone gives a compliment to him.
He is a humble man.
He is popular among his friends but he feels awkward with
strangers.
He has many fans in his locality.
His father was a lawyer.
When he was young, his father died.
He is a real fighter.
He fought against all the odds of life and became successful.
His fans love him.
His mother raised him to be a gentleman.
He is always humble and patient with his fans.
Imperative sentence:
We use an imperative
sentence to make a request or to give a command. Imperative
sentences usually end with a period (i.e., a full stop), but
under certain circumstances, it can end with a note of exclamation (i.e.,
exclamation mark).
Examples:
Please sit down.
I need you to sit down now!
EXAMPLES OF IMPERATIVE SENTENCE
Definition of Imperative Sentence:
The sentence which is used to convey
a command, a request, or a forbiddance is called an imperative sentence.
This type of sentence always takes the second person (you) for the subject but
most of the time the subject remains hidden.
Examples:
Bring me a glass of water.
Don’t ever touch my phone.
Give me a pen and a pencil.
Play with intensity and courage.
Remember me when we are parted.
Never forget the person who loves you.
Take a step and don’t move.
Don’t be excited about everything without reason.
Don’t rush or you will fall.
Read a lot to improve your writing skill.
Write whenever you get a chance.
Don’t stay out at night.
Please open the door quickly.
Have a cup of cappuccino.
You wash your hand first and then eat.
Kindly bring the book to me.
Please forgive my meticulousness but you have spelled it
wrong.
Don’t ever call me a loser.
Watch your step before taking it.
Please grant me a loan.
Interrogative sentence:
An interrogative
sentence asks a question. Interrogative sentences must end with a note
of interrogation (i.e., question mark)
Examples:
When are you going to submit your assignment?
Do you know him?
EXAMPLES OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
Definition of Interrogative Sentence:
The sentence which asks a question is
an interrogative sentence. This kind of sentence usually ends with a note of
interrogation (?) instead of a period (.). An interrogative sentence can be
either affirmative or negative.
Examples:
Do you want to go there?
Did you see her?
Have you watched the movie?
How often do you go there?
Have you been there before?
Can you help me get rid of this dog?
Can I borrow your grammar book for a day?
Could you please help me with these bags?
Do you know who she is?
Did you make a plan?
How did you make that water-mark?
How often you go to a bar?
How many times do you smoke?
Does he know that I am here?
Does she love you as the way you do?
Does he care about us?
Why did he leave us then?
Who is that man seating in the corner?
How on earth did you think about me in that way?
Will you please open the door for me?
Would you like a beer?
Can’t we be friends again?
Why haven’t you completed your homework?
Don’t you know who she is?
Exclamatory sentence:
An exclamatory
sentence expresses overflow of emotions. These emotions can be of
happiness, wonder, sorrow, anger, etc.
Examples:
What a day it was!
I cannot believe he would do that!
EXAMPLES OF OPTATIVE SENTENCE & EXCLAMATORY
SENTENCE
Definition of Optative Sentence:
The sentence
which expresses a prayer, keen wish, curse etc. is called an optative
sentence. This kind of sentence generally starts with ‘may’ and ‘wish’.
Sometimes, ‘may’ remains hidden.
Examples of Optative
Sentence:
May the king of Westeros live long!
Long live the king of Westeros.
May you two live long enough to see your grandchildren!
May God bless us all.
May you become successful enough to buy love!
May the almighty help in this tragedy!
Wish you a very successful married life.
Wish you a happy journey together.
May your team win the match!
Definition of
Exclamatory Sentence:
The sentence
which expresses a sudden and intense excitement, disgust, admiration, shock, or
sorrow, etc. is called an exclamatory sentence.
This kind of sentence must have a note of exclamation (!) at the end or in the
middle of the sentence.
Example of Exclamatory
Sentence:
Hey! Don’t touch my phone.
Alas! I could not be at her funeral.
Hush! Your father is sleeping.
What a boring day!
How disgusting it becomes when he opens his mouth!
What a nice car you have!
What a plunge!
How gorgeous the dress is!
Hurrah! We are going to Miami.
How blessed I am to see such a sight!
What beautiful country it is!
How fluently the lady talks in French!
What a pity! You can’t join us.
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